Valencia is Spain's third city, and for a long time it was the one visitors skipped on the way between Barcelona and Andalusia. That's their loss. The Romans founded it in 138 BC, the Moors made it a rich city of orchards and irrigation, El Cid ruled it in the 1090s, and King Jaume I of Aragon took it for good on 9 October 1238, a date the region still celebrates. In the 15th century, its Golden Age, it was one of the great trading cities of the Mediterranean, and it gave the Church two Borgia popes.
Today it's a city of contrasts that somehow fit together: a Gothic old town around a cathedral that keeps a cup believed to be the Holy Grail, a nine-kilometer park in the bed of a river that was moved after a flood, Santiago Calatrava's white, futuristic City of Arts and Sciences, a long city beach, and, just south, the rice fields of the Albufera lagoon, where paella was born. Five days lets you see all of it and eat paella properly, which means at lunch.
This plan keeps each day in one part of town. Day one is the old town, the Cathedral and the Silk Exchange, day two the Barrio del Carmen and the Turia gardens, day three the City of Arts and Sciences and Ruzafa, day four the beach, a paella lunch and sunset on the Albufera, and day five a trip to the castle town of Xàtiva. Because of museum closing days, the plan works best if day one is a Tuesday. Sagunto, Requena and Peñíscola come after day five. For the bigger picture, see our page on Spain.