Hakuba means white horse, and the name is a small myth. Every spring, melting snow leaves a horse-shaped patch of bare rock on Mount Shirouma, which farmers took as the sign to puddle their flooded paddies (shirokaki), so the peak was first written with the character for paddy-preparation and only later with the one for white. The village became a ski name in 1998, when it hosted the Nagano Winter Olympics: the men's and women's downhill ran down Happo-One, and the ski jump still stands beside the village. Since then Hakuba Valley has grown into ten resorts across Hakuba, Omachi and Otari, and more than 700,000 international visitors come in a winter.
The skiing is real and so is the catch. The snow is deep and dry, the Alps behind it are huge, and the après scene is lively. But Hakuba is not a ski-in village: it is a long valley, the resorts are separate mountains, and you move between them by shuttle bus. That is why this guide is built by area, one mountain a day, with a pass that works everywhere. Five days is the right length: four ski days that each give an area its own character, then one day away from the lifts with the snow monkeys at Jigokudani. If you also want the Hokkaido version of Japanese powder, read 5 Days in Niseko; for the city side of the trip, 5 Days in Tokyo.
The plan runs Monday to Friday: Happo-One on Monday, Goryu and Hakuba 47 on Tuesday, Iwatake on Wednesday, Tsugaike and Cortina on Thursday and the monkeys on Friday. Arrive on Sunday and start skiing on a Monday: weekdays are calmer on the lifts and on the buses. Read the Japan page for the country basics. Prices are in yen with euros in brackets.