Hong Kong looks like the future from the Peak and like a village market from a tram window, and you can have both before lunch. It was a British colony for 156 years and has been a Special Administrative Region of China since 1997. The history shows up in small things: the funicular up to the Peak and the Star Ferry both date from 1888, and trams have rattled along the north shore of Hong Kong Island since 1904.
It is a dense city, one of the densest on Earth, and also a surprisingly green one. Lantau has a bronze Buddha on a hilltop and a fishing town on stilts, and Macau, the old Portuguese enclave, is a one-hour ferry away. Five days is the right length: enough for the harbor, the markets, the museums and two proper day-long outings, without the trip turning into a shopping marathon. Food is the thread through all of it, from a cha chaan teng breakfast to roast goose and a late bowl of wonton noodles.
The plan keeps each day in one area. Day one is Hong Kong Island: Sheung Wan, Central and the Peak. Day two is Sham Shui Po, West Kowloon and the harbor lights. Day three is Wong Tai Sin, Mong Kok and the Temple Street night market. Day four is Lantau, and day five is a day trip to Macau. If you can choose, start on a Tuesday: that order keeps the Hong Kong Palace Museum (closed Tuesdays) and M+ (closed Mondays) open on day two, puts the cable car on a weekday, and leaves the Macau day for a Saturday when its museums are open. For more on the territory, see Hong Kong.